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      Understanding Myanmar on QuizRevolution

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      Understanding Myanmar
      myStudiyo Media
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      Understanding Myanmar
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      In 1948, Burma was known as
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       of players answered correctly.
      • The poorest country in Asia

      • The first indepedent country in Asia

      • The rice bowl of the world

      • China's baby

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      Comments:
      1. In 1948, Burma was known as
        1. The poorest country in Asia
        2. The first indepedent country in Asia
        3. The rice bowl of the world
        4. China's baby
        1. Myanmar, a country of 56 million people, has abundant natural resources such as oil, natural gas, timber, and minerals. Once known as the rice bowl of the world, it was the richest country in the region at the time it gained independence from colonial rule in 1948.
      2. In 2006, Burma's per capita gross domestic product (GDP) was
        1. $281 - About the same as Rwanda
        2. $784 - About the same as India
        3. $1,647 - About the same as Iraq
        4. $3,251 - About the same as Thailand
        1. Decades of military rule have ravaged the country. In 2005, according to the United Nations Statistics Division, Myanmar’s per capita gross domestic product (GDP) was only $217, making it one of the twenty-poorest countries in the world.
      3. What caused public protests in 2007?
        1. High fuel prices
        2. Freedom of expression is limited
        3. Lack of political freedom
        4. High taxes
        1. A government decision to make cuts to national fuel subsidies in mid-August increased diesel prices by a reported 100 percent and caused a five-fold increase in the price of compressed natural gas, placing inflationary pressure on an economy already facing estimated inflation levels of 21.4 percent in 2006. The surging fuel prices provoked public protests, joined by thousands of monks, attracting international attention.
      4. What did the US do after the military violently stopped the protests?
        1. Sent military troops to intervene
        2. Offered financial assistance
        3. Held a UN conference
        4. Imposed sanctions
        1. Since 2000, the United Nations has sent special envoys several times to promote political dialogue with the government and the opposition towards democratic reform but has made little progress. Several European Union states have also imposed sanctions on the regime. But, according to analysts, real influence lies with Myanmar’s neighbors, Thailand, China and India.
      5. Which countries have consistently defended against sanctions by Western countries?
        1. US, France, and China
        2. Thailand, China, and the UK
        3. China, Russia, and India
        4. China, US, and India
        1. Bilateral trade between China and Myanmar exceeds $1.5 billion and China is one of the major suppliers of arms to the junta. China, along with Russia, has consistently defended the government against efforts by mainly Western states to press UN sanctions; in January 2007 they vetoed a Security Council resolution calling for democratic reform in the country.
      6. Until 1948, Burma was a colony of
        1. the British Empire
        2. France
        3. the United States
        4. Spain
        1. A colony of the British Empire for more than a century, Myanmar achieved independence in 1948. The Union of Burma, as the newly independent country was called, started as a parliamentary democracy like most of its neighbors in the subcontinent that had recently gained freedom from colonial rule.
      7. What happened in 1962?
        1. An earthqauke destroyed the capital city
        2. A cyclone destroyed much of the country
        3. A military coup
        4. Burma fought a war against Laos
        1. Representative democracy survived in Burma until the military coup of 1962 led by General Ne Win. His regime, known as the Burma Socialist Programme Party (BSPP), held power for the next twenty-six years. Throughout this period, there were no free elections, and freedom of expression and association were almost entirely denied.
      8. What happened in 1988?
        1. A new leader ended the communist regime
        2. Protesting monks and students were killed
        3. Burma began trading with the US and Europe again
        4. International attention helped ease the food shortage
        1. By mid-1988, food shortages and economic discontent led to mass protests, often spearheaded by monks and students. The army seized power in a coup, abolished the 1974 constitution and silenced the protests by opening fire on unarmed dissidents, leaving more than three thousand dead, according to official figures. A year later in 1989, this new military regime, the junta changed the country’s name from the Union of Burma to the Union of Myanmar and the capital Rangoon was renamed Yangon.
      9. Who is the leader of the opposition party?
        1. Aung San Suu Kyi
        2. Dalai Lama
        3. Shinawat Taksin
        4. Ne Win
        1. During the 1988 protests, Aung San Suu Kyi rose to prominence as the leader of the main opposition party, the National League for Democracy (NLD). In 1990, the junta held elections in which Suu Kyi garnered 82 percent of the vote despite being under house arrest. The military government refused to acknowledge the results, imprisoned many politicians, forced others to flee, and continued to clamp down on dissent, closing the country to the outside world.
      10. Most Burmese follow what religion?
        1. Islam
        2. Buddhism
        3. Hinduism
        4. Atheism
        1. argely a Buddhist country (90 percent of the population are devout followers of Buddha), Myanmar has around four-hundred thousand monks and as many army personnel. The army has doubled in size since the 1988 uprising and now consumes over 40 percent of the government’s annual budget.
      11. Despite political problems, Myanmar has an excellent health care system.
        1. True
        2. False
        1. Even with hundreds of thousands of people living with HIV in Myanmar, (making it one of the highest HIV- infected countries in Asia) the junta spent only 0.17 percent of GDP on health in 2000. According to the World Health Organization, Myanmar’s health system is the world’s second worst. UNICEF says the country is facing a health crisis of epidemic proportions; HIV/AIDS is spreading rapidly, and malaria, tuberculosis, leprosy, maternal mortality and malnutrition are pervasive.
      12. Why has international aid been slow in response the cyclone?
        1. Transportation is too difficult in flooded regions
        2. More than 1 million are homeless so fast relief is difficult
        3. The Burmese government does not want foreigners in Burma
        4. The UN and other countries have not offered assistance
        1. While the United States waits to fly in aid supplies—it offered $3 million and the use of U.S. Navy ships to help find the missing—India, China, Thailand, and other Asian neighbors, less critical of the regime, have been allowed to fly in supplies. "The Burmese regime would rather allow the deaths of tens or even hundreds of thousands than change its political projects or allow foreigners free access to the country,” notes an editorial in the Washington Post.
      13. Some analysts believe that the cyclone will
        1. force the generals to open up the country
        2. increase food prices because the rice crops were destroyed
        3. make the Burmese cancel their vote on a new constitution
        4. make the US lift sanctions on the military regime
        1. Some argue the cyclone may actually force the generals to open up the country to preserve their own rule and to “avoid an outbreak of violent disorder.” Last September, economic hardship prompted Buddhist monks and students to take to the streets to demand the overthrow of the regime. Some analysts feel the lack of access to basic necessities could spark additional anger among the population.
      14. Others believe that the government will not change until
        1. the US provides major economic assistance.
        2. Aung San Suu Kyi is released from prison.
        3. the damage from the cyclone is repaired.
        4. Countries that trade with Burma also impose sanctions.
        1. The military junta (government) is able to maintain its grip on power through extensive economic and military relations with its many Asian neighbors, notably India and China. Competing with each other to gain access to Myanmar’s vast natural resources and oil, China and India have each resisted criticizing the regime.

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